What is the difference between mv and pv

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The steam flow controller would receive a setpoint SP from the temperature controller, plus a PV signal from a flow meter on the steam flow into the tank, and calculate and send an output signal OP to the actuator.

Note that this is no longer a simple single-input-single-output control loop. During production, operating and supervising personnel can monitor current and time-trended process variables PVs to monitor processes. Current PV values can be displayed on DCS graphics or other computer-based graphics applications, while time-trended values can be viewed using a trending application.

Many data historians like dataPARC have graphics applications and trending applications i. The most useful trending applications allow multiple variables to be displayed on each trend and multiple trends to be viewed on a single screen.

This can be very helpful when trying to correlate data or troubleshoot a problem. Key process variables that are frequently monitored include chest and tank levels, steam and liquid temperatures, steam and oil pressures, and liquid and gas flows. The only requirement is that the monitored characteristic be measurable, so pH, conductivity, and turbidity can be monitored, while odors and tastes currently cannot.

The advantage of time-trended data displays vs. This is extremely valuable in facilities processing large volumes of product, because control changes can take a long time to take effect.

Another valuable application of process data is tuning of control loops. Tuning can be performed manually or automatically by tuning software.

A good trending application is essential to manual control loop tuning — preferably, one that allows the SP, OP and PV to be trended together on a single trend.

Trending applications are also useful for spot checking of control loops, because loops sometimes require tuning adjustments. This particular trend shows three control loop tuning attempts. The blue line is the setpoint SP value. It shows when and by how much the setpoint was changed. The purple, green, and red lines show how the process variable PV responded to three different sets of tuning constants. In the purple attempt, the controller reacted quickly to the setpoint change, but the PV response overshot the setpoint quite a bit.

At the other extreme, the red attempt, the controller was much slower to respond but there was no overshoot. The desired response of PV depends a lot on the process being controlled.

For each control loop, you need to decide how much overshoot is acceptable, and how quickly the process variable needs to reach the setpoint. On the road to digital transformation? Use this page to learn how to convert between millivolts and petavolts. Type in your own numbers in the form to convert the units! You can do the reverse unit conversion from PV to mV , or enter any two units below:. The volt symbol: V is the SI derived unit of electric potential difference or electromotive force, commonly known as voltage.